I had a new Active Directory security group created a few days ago but it still wasn't showing up in the Audience management pages when I tried to create a rule User member of AD group.
After double checking my group settings I couldn't find anything out of the ordinary and my MOSS 2007 server had all the latest patches so I was clueless. Spending some more time researching this issue led me to a forum post suggesting to do a full profile import and try again. And guess what... After a few minutes the AD group popped up right there. Not ideal but I'll take it nonetheless !
Update
To make matters worse if you add a user to the AD group and recompile the Audience it won't be added unless the profile import ran before compilation. This proves how hard the Audience mechanism relies on the User Profiles. And since the Profile Import can only be scheduled to run once a day there's quite delay on Audience membership updating.
Note: Audience Compilation by default happens each 15 minutes.
Summary
- Add AD Group: requires Full Profile Import for use in Audience Rules
- Add user to AD Group: requires Incremental Profile Import and Audience Compilation for updated membership
- Remove user from AD Group: requires Full Profile Import and Audience Compilation for updated membership